一 | 专题：《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十七次缔约方大会 新浪财经ESG评级中心提供包括资讯、报告、培训、咨询等在内的14项ESG服务，助力上市公司传播ESG理念，提升ESG可持续发展表现。点击查看【ESG评级中心服务手册】 新浪财经 张傲/发自乌兰巴托 《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十七届缔约方大会（COP17）于8月17日至28日在蒙古国乌兰巴托举办。
二 | MUMBAI, India -- IOC president Thomas Bach was urged by its members on Sunday to change Olympic rules on term limits and seek four more years as president.Bach’s presidency is due to end in 2025 – a 12-year maximum agreed in anti-corruption reforms passed after the Salt Lake City bid scandal broke in the 1990s.However, citing the recent years of global crises, several of the 99 International Olympic Committee members opened their annual meeting Sunday suggesting they needed more of Bach's leadership that started in 2013.The Olympic movement needed “to go through this period of torment with a president who has proved his mettle,” African sports leader Mustapha Berraf said.“We really need to be able to rely on the leadership you have shown,” said IOC member Luis Mejia Oviedo of the Dominican Republic.Though Bach has never publicly sought a term limit-busting third mandate, the option has been spoken of in international sports circles since he was re-elected in 2021 at a meeting held remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. The IOC gives its president a first term of eight years.“I cannot hide how that went straight to my heart,” Bach told IOC members of their praise at its annual meeting being held in Mumbai.Bach cautioned the presidential term limit is enshrined in the IOC’s book of rules and principles. “I’m very loyal to the Olympic Charter,” the German lawyer said. “Being a co-author of this Olympic Charter drives me to be even more loyal.”Extending Bach’s term would need a proposal submitted ahead of an annual meeting, known as the Session. The next is scheduled in July in Paris on the eve of the 2024 Summer Games.Only one IOC member has publicly spoken about a possible leadership bid: World Athletics president Sebastian Coe, a two-time Olympic champion in the 1,500 meters, head of the 2012 London Olympics organizing committee and a former elected lawmaker in the British parliament.Coe turns 70 in September 2026, the year his IOC membership should expire, and a 2025 election should be his only option.A diplomatically expressed counter to extending Bach’s term was suggested by gymnastics federation president Morinari Watanabe, who has been speculated as a possible IOC leadership candidate.“You guided us all that sports organizations must follow rules and have high integrity under good governance,” Watanabe suggested. “Sports demonstrate discipline and the spirit of fairness to society.”“I love you, Mr President Thomas Bach,” the Japanese official said, “because I believe you are a correct person.”Bach replied: “Thank you for your love.”—-AP Olympics: https://apnews.com/hub/2024-paris-olympic-games。大会期间，联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）土地权属团队负责人、高级土地权属事务官沃德·安西尤（Ward Anseeuw）对话新浪财经时表示，牧区治理不应走土地私有化和个体确权的老路，而应以集体权利为核心，允许同一块土地在不同时间、不同用途下，由不同主体灵活使用。 安西尤指出，牧民流动性强，土地由集体共同使用。因此，管理制度应尊重牧民祖辈相传的集体权利和使用习惯，不宜照搬普遍采用的土地登记办法。普遍采用的办法要求将每块地登记到个人名下，但牧区土地在多数情况下并不属于某一个人，因此并不适用。
三 | 安西尤认为，要改变这种以个人登记为核心的做法，需要做到两点。第一，不能只承认个人，而要承认牧民集体对土地的权利，尊重他们祖辈相传的放牧和使用习惯。第二，不能只保护“这块地归谁所有”这一种权利，还要保护放牧、通行、采集等多种权利。他引用“权利束”（bundle of rights）概念说明，土地上的权利并非单一，而是多种权利并存。
四 | 因此，保护土地权利时要更灵活，既要考虑牧民、农户等不同群体，也要考虑不同的权利类型。 安西尤举例说，在蒙古，大约从五月到九月可以放牧，但一年中的其他时间，同一片土地可能会有其他用途，也可能由不同的人来使用。
五 | 在非洲热带地区也是如此：某些季节土地用于放牧，其他季节同一片土地可能被围起来用作农田，禁止牲畜进入，之后又重新开放。也就是说，不同的人可以在一年中的不同时间，对同一块土地享有不同的权利。 在安西尤看来，牧区土地制度不应只问“这块地归谁”，而要承认集体权利和多种使用权，并根据不同季节、不同用途灵活安排。这才是更适合牧区的可持续土地管理方式。 新浪财经ESG评级中心简介 新浪财经ESG评级中心是业内首个中文ESG专业资讯和评级聚合平台，致力于宣传和推广可持续发展，责任投资，与ESG（环境、社会和公司治理）价值理念，传播ESG的企业实践行动和榜样力量，推动中国ESG事业的发展，促进中国ESG评估标准的建立和企业评级的提升。 依托ESG评级中心，新浪财经发布多只ESG创新指数，为关注企业ESG表现的投资者提供更多选择。同时，新浪财经成立中国ESG领导者组织论坛，携手中国ESG领导企业和合作伙伴，通过环境、社会和公司治理理念，推动建立适合中国时代特征的ESG评价标准体系，促进中国资产管理行业ESG投资发展。责任编辑：王进和。
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